Gay lussacs law beispielproblem

Boyle&#;s law or Mariotte&#;s law states that pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to volume under conditions of constant mass and temperature. When the gas volume increases, pressure decreases. When the volume decreases, pressure increases. Boyle&#;s law takes its name from chemist and physicist Robert Boyle, who published the commandment in

Boyle&#;s commandment states that the absolute pressure of an ideal gas is inversely proportional to its volume under conditions of constant mass and temperature.

Boyle&#;s Law Formula

There are three frequent formulas for Boyle&#;s law:

P ∝ 1/V
PV = k
P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P is absolute pressure, V is volume, and k is a constant.

Graphing Boyle&#;s Law

The graph of volume versus pressure has a characteristic downward curved shape that shows the inverse affair between pressure and volume. Boyle used the graph of experimental data to establish the affair between the two variables.

History

Richard Towneley and Henry Power described the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas in the 17th century. Ro

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Inhaltsvorschau

Name: Seeker English Date: 5/18/

Scholar Exploration: Boyle’s Law and Charles’s Law

Vocabulary: absolute zero, Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay-Lussac’s law, Kelvin scale, pressure

Prior Facts Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
A small helium tank measures about two feet (60 cm) high. Yet it can fill over 50 balloons! How
can such a small tank include enough helium to stuff so many balloons?

The small container can contain all that helium in the container because the gas in the tank is
under a lot of pressure

Gizmo Warm-up
The Boyle’s Law and Charles’s Law Gizmo shows a container
of gas. Inside, small purple spheres represent gas molecules.

1. Observe the particles. Are they all moving at the same

speed? Yes they are all moving at the same speed.

2. How do the particles interact with the walls and lid of the container?

The spring off the walls and lid while providing pressure

These inte

Boyle&#;s Law is a special case of the ideal gas commandment in which the pressure and volume of an ideal gas are inversely proportional to each other, providing the temperature and mass of the gas are held constant. Here&#;s an example of how to perform a calculation using Boyle&#;s Law.

Boyle&#;s Statute Review

Pressure P and Volume V are inversely proportional when Temperature T and mass n are held constant:

P ∝ 1/V
where V changes by a factor of z

P_final = 1/z x V_initial

Example Problem

For example, calculate the terminal volume of a gas if the pressure of a L sample is changed from atm to atm.

You calculate z = P_final/P_initial
z = /
z = 2

P_final = 1/z x V_initial
P_final = 1/2 x L
P_final = L

Example: Calculating entropy by counting microstates

Understanding the situation

In our analysis of the entropy change in heat flow, we analyzed a toy model to see how the macroscopic form of entropy, $S = Q/T$, gave us insight into what would happen spontaneously. Now, let's look at a toy model example that lets us watch how the microstate counting form of entropy, $S = k_B \ln W$, can also give us insights into what happens spontaneously. (This example will be of particular interest when we start thinking about free energy.)
We choose a model that is simple enough that we can see all the details.

Presenting a sample problem

Consider an example of an isolated box of volume $2V$ divided into two equal compartments. An ideal gas occupies half of the container and the other half is empty. When the partition separating the two halves of the box is removed and the system reaches equilibrium again, how does the new entropy of the gas measure to the energy of the original system?

$\implies$

Solving this problem

One way to do this is to imagine breakin